In addition, there are several excellent citation style guides on the web. Sample Paragraph with Footnotes and a Bibliography In the field of music, we usually use the Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) citation system (not MLA, APA, etc.) see the chart on the following pages for examples of how to format footnotes and bibliography entries for various kinds of items. The library has style manuals in print and online for several commonly used styles such as American Psychological Association (APA), Modern Language Association (MLA) and Chicago. Where can I find more information on how to cite a specific type of source in a particular style? When in doubt, ask your professor if there is a particular style that he/she would like you to use. The citation style that you use depends on the discipline in which you are writing, and where, or by whom, your work will be published or read. For information on other APA topicssuch as formatting your paper, creating a title page, etc.check out the EasyBib APA format guide. The way that citations appear (format) depends on the citation style, which is a set of established rules and conventions for documenting sources.Ĭitation styles can be defined by an association, such as the Modern Language Association (MLA), publisher, such as the University of Chicago Press, or journal, such as The New England Journal of Medicine. This guide will show you how to structure APA citations according to the Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th edition) and will show you example citations for different source types. While the two basic approaches to citations are simple, there are many different citation styles. Scholars writing in the sciences and social sciences typically use in-text citations, while humanities scholars utilize endnotes/footnotes.

and many more examples, see chapters 14 and 15 of The Chicago Manual of Style.

Endnotes or footnotes +/- a bibliography at the end of the paper In this system, sources are cited in numbered footnotes or endnotes.In-text citations + a list of references at the end of the paper.There are two basic approaches to citation:

Apa footnote example